‘Who’s Free?’: SC Warned Against More Restrictions On Free Speech, But IPC Misuse Needs Vigilance
An eight-member bench of the Supreme Court found that no additional reasonable constraints can be envisioned on freedom of expression beyond those currently stated in Article 19. (2). These include issues related to public order, decency, defamation, and incitement to crime, as well as the sovereignty and integrity of India, the security of the state, and friendly ties with foreign powers. If a law restricting free expression is proposed by the state but does not fall into one of these eight categories of "reasonable limits," it may be challenged and overturned. Articles 19(1) (free speech) and 21 (right to life and personal liberty) rights are enforceable against private entities, and the state is obligated to defend these rights even when they are violated by non-state actors, as ...
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